THE SWISS EDUCATION SYSTEM
In Switzerland, the 26 cantons are responsible for compulsory education. As a result, each canton has its own school calendar, educational structure and curriculum. The language of instruction depends on the region: German, French, Italian or Romansh. In addition to English, pupils also study a second official national language. Post-compulsory education is a shared responsibility between the cantons and the Confederation.
EDUCATION IN SWITZERLAND
Compulsory education begins at the age of 4 or 6 and lasts between 9 and 11 years, depending on the canton. This period includes:
- Primary level: 8 years (including 2 years of kindergarten), or 7 years in the Canton of Ticino
Lower secondary school (Gymnasium): 3 years (or 4 in the Canton of Ticino)
GRADING SYSTEM
Grades are awarded on a scale from 1 to 6, where 6 is the highest mark, 4 is a passing grade, and below 4 is insufficient.
PRIMARY SCHOOL
After kindergarten, pupils study languages (the main language of the region, English and a second national language), Mathematics, Science, History, Geography, Music, Arts and Physical Education. Progression to the next level is based on academic performance.
LOWER SECONDARY (GYMNASIUM)
Students begin lower secondary school at the age of 11. Admission is based on academic performance, teachers’ recommendations and a transition examination. The curriculum includes the same subjects as primary school, but at a higher level of difficulty. At the end of Gymnasium, which marks the end of compulsory education, no graduation certificate is awarded.
UPPER SECONDARY (LYCÉE / VOCATIONAL EDUCATION)
After Gymnasium, students may continue their studies at the upper secondary level, depending on academic performance. They can choose between:
- Academic upper secondary schools (Lycées), which prepare them for university
Vocational Education and Training (VET) schools, which allow them to learn a trade
Students complete upper secondary education at the age of 18–19 and obtain a form of baccalaureate (academic, specialised or vocational).
Graduates can either enter the labour market or continue their studies at a university or a higher education institution.
In Swiss private schools, pupils may also choose international systems such as the International Baccalaureate (IB), the American system or the British system.
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